Utilizando alias para agilizar comandos no Linux

A sintaxe a ser seguida:

alias apelido=’comando’

Abaixo alguns casos que costumo utilizar.

Espaço em disco:

$ alias df=’df -h’

Listando arquivos e pastas:

$ alias ls=’ls -la’

Obs.: Nos dois exemplos acima eu não usei apelidos e sim atalhos, embutindo parâmetros mais utilizados nos seus respectivos comandos.

Para acessar um servidor via ssh:

$ alias acessossh=’ssh user@ipdoservidor’

Para atualizar as lista de repositórios:

$ alias atualizar=’sudo apt-get upgrade’

Para procurar pacotes via APT:

$ alias buscar=’apt-cache search’

Ex.:

$ buscar samba

Para instalar programas via “apt”:

$ alias instalar=’sudo apt-get install’

Ex.:

$ instalar samba

Para remover programas via “apt”:

$ alias remover=’sudo apt-get remove’

Ex.:

$ remover samba

How to find your Linux Kernel Version

Locating your Linux Kernel Version:

Open up a terminal and type one of the following commands listed in bold text.

uname -a (prints all information)

uname -r (prints the kernel release)

uname -v (prints the kernel version)

uname -o (prints the operating system)

Converting .rpm Packages To Debian/Ubuntu .deb Format With Alien

Alien Installation

Alien is available in the normal Debian repositories, so we can install it like this:

apt-get install alien

Converting .rpm To .deb

Next we download the current mysql-zrm rpm package (1.1-1 at the time of this writing):

cd /tmp
wget http://www.zmanda.com/downloads/community/ZRM-MySQL/1.1/Linux/MySQL-zrm-1.1-1.noarch.rpm

To convert it into a .deb package, we simply run

alien MySQL-zrm-1.1-1.noarch.rpm

Afterwards, run

ls -l

in the /tmp directory, and you’ll see that alien has created the file mysql-zrm_1.1-2_all.deb. You’ll also notice that alien has counted up the version number, it’s now 1.1-2 instead of 1.1-1. If you want to keep the original version number, you must use the -k switch:

alien -k MySQL-zrm-1.1-1.noarch.rpm

will create the file mysql-zrm_1.1-1_all.deb.

To install the new .deb file, we use dpkg -i:

dpkg -i mysql-zrm_1.1-1_all.deb

Now mysql-zrm is installed and fully functional (you still might have to edit its configuration file though).

If you want to save the dpkg -i step, you can have alien install the package. The command

alien -i MySQL-zrm-1.1-1.noarch.rpm

would convert the original rpm package and immediately install it.

You see, converting .rpm files to .deb files is very easy. You can have a look at

man alien

to learn about what else you can do with alien.

 

How do I list all USB devices?

lsusb – list USB devices

To make use of all the features of this program, you need to have a Linux kernel which supports the /proc/bus/usb interface (e.g., Linux kernel 2.3.15 or newer).

$ lsusb
Output:

Bus 004 Device 002: ID 0930:6532 Toshiba Corp.
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 0000:0000

To get verbose output type the command:
$ lsusb -v

RootSudo

root account

Enabling the root account

sudo -i

To enable the root account (i.e. set a password) use:

sudo passwd root
Re-disabling your root account

sudo usermod -p '!' root